Simulated Packing and Cracking

نویسندگان

چکیده

We introduce simulated packing and cracking as a technique for evaluating partisan-gerrymandering measures. apply it to historical congressional legislative elections evaluate four measures: partisan bias, declination, efficiency gap, mean-median difference. While the gap recognizes in completely predictable manner (a fact that follows immediately from gap's definition) declination does very good job of recording cracking, we conclude both other two measures record less well. This variation is especially notable given frequent use such outlier analyses.

برای دانلود باید عضویت طلایی داشته باشید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Cylinder Packing by Simulated Annealing

This paper is motivated by the problem of loading identical items of circular base (tubes, rolls, ...) into a rectangular base (the pallet). For practical reasons, all the loaded items are considered to have the same height. The resolution of this problem consists in determining the positioning pattern of the circular bases of the items on the rectangular pallet, while maximizing the number of ...

متن کامل

Simulated annealing for weighted polygon packing

In this paper we present a new algorithm for a layout optimization problem: this concerns the placement of weighted polygons inside a circular container, the two objectives being to minimize imbalance of mass and to minimize the radius of the container. This problem carries real practical significance in industrial applications (such as the design of satellites), as well as being of significant...

متن کامل

Influence of cracking clays on satellite estimated and model simulated soil moisture

Vertisols are clay soils that are common in the monsoonal and dry warm regions of the world. One of the characteristics of these soil types is to form deep cracks during periods of extended dry, resulting in significant variation of the soil and hydrologic properties. Understanding the influence of these varying soil properties on the hydrological behavior of the system is of considerable inter...

متن کامل

Cracking BING and Beyond

The problem, generic objectness proposal, aims to reduce the candidate windows for object detection tasks. The popular evaluation criterion for related methods is detection-rate/windows-amount(DR-#WIN), where DR is the percentage of groundtruth objects covered by proposal windows. An object is considered “covered” by a window only if the strict PASCAL-overall criterion [3] is satisfied (the int...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Election Law Journal

سال: 2021

ISSN: ['1557-8062', '1533-1296']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1089/elj.2020.0673